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- Impact of BGP Dynamics on Router CPU Utilization
- Router CPU load is a significant concern in the operation of an ISP. Long periods of high CPU load can increase route convergence times, and has some correlation with router instability. The BGP routing protocol has a potential for significantly impacting CPU load due to the nature of the protocol....
- Tags: Router, Sprint Communications, CPU, BGP Routing Protocol, BGP, Routers & Switches, Internet Service Providers (ISPs), Network Technology, Networking, Processors, Internet, Semiconductors, Hardware, Components
- White papers
Additional Resources
- BGP Routing Changes: Merging Views From Two ISPs
- Large Internet Service Providers ISPs experience millions of Border Gateway Protocol BGP routing changes a day. This paper discusses the impact of BGP routing changes on the flow of traffic, summarizing and reconciling the results from six measurement studies of the Sprint and AT&T backbone networks. The paper offers a...
- Tags: Internet Service Provider, BGP, Internet Service Providers (ISPs), Business Services, Networking, Internet
- White papers 2005-10-01
- Routing Protocols Concepts
- The JUNOS routing protocol process supports a wide variety of routing protocols, including Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System (IS-IS), Open Shortest Path First OSPF, Routing Information Protocol RIP, Routing Information Protocol Next Generation RIPng, and Border Gateway Protocol BGP. This paper explains the general terminology and concepts related to configuring and using...
- Tags: Routing Protocol
- White papers 2004-06-28
- Policy Based QoS Support Using BGP Routing
- Routing protocols are important to exchange routing information between neighboring routers. Such information is used to update routing tables and to share information about status of the network so that traffics to appropriate destinations will be fast and efficient. Different types of routing protocols are in wide spread use across...
- Tags: QoS, Network, Routing Protocol, University Of Technology Sydney, BGP, Networking
- White papers 2006-04-24
- Build effective BGP policies with Cisco IOS
- This sample chapter, taken from Cisco Press' BGP Design and Implementation, shows you how to use Cisco IOS to build complex and effective BGP policies. The Border Gateway Protocol BGP is system routing protocol used to exchange routing information for the Internet and is the protocol Internet...
- Tags: Chapter, Cisco IOS, Cisco IOS Software, Cisco Systems Inc., Border Gateway Protocol Protocol, BGP, Networking
- Book chapters 2005-07-21
- Low-Rate TCP-Targeted DoS Attack Disrupts Internet Routing
- Compared to attacks against end hosts, Denial of Service DoS attacks against the Internet infrastructure such as those targeted at routers can be more devastating due to their global impact on many networks. The paper discovers that the recently identified low-rate TCP-targeted DoS attacks can have severe impact on the...
- Tags: Network, University Of Michigan, Attack, TCP-Targeted DoS Attack, BGP, Internet, Security, Networking
- White papers 2007-01-01
- BGP Routing Scalability: Reflectors Vs. Route Servers
- Autonomous systems need to be connected using BGP servers. To reduce the complexity of connecting these systems together, researchers have suggested that route servers or routing databases be used. While both route reflectors and routing databases offer significant scalability advantages over standard full mesh BGP, they also introduce problems in...
- Tags: Database, Scalability, Server, University Of Alberta, BGP, Networking
- White papers 2008-01-01
- BGP Convergence in Virtual Private Networks
- Multi-Protocol Label Switching MPLS Virtual Private Networks VPNs have had significant and growing commercial deployments. This paper presents the first systematic study of BGP convergence in MPLS VPNs using data collected from a large tier-1 ISP. The paper combines several data sources to produce a methodology to accurately estimate routing...
- Tags: Convergence, BGP, VPNs, Networking, Network Security, Telecommunications
- White papers 2006-10-27
- Build effective BGP policies with Cisco IOS
- The Border Gateway Protocol BGP is system routing protocol used to exchange routing information for the Internet and is the protocol Internet service providers ISP use to exchange customer and ISP routes. The BGP protocol provides a list of attributes through which you can set policies. Cisco IOS software expands...
- Tags: accounting, advertisement, aggregation, BGP, Cisco IOS, Cisco IOS Software, Cisco Systems Inc., integration, Internet, Internet service, Internet Service Provider, propagation, QoS, routing protocol, service provider, software, technique, tool
- Download resources 2005-07-21
- Mutually Controlled Routing With Independent ISPs
- This paper presents Wiser, an Internet routing protocol that enables ISPs to jointly control routing in a way that produces efficient end-to-end paths even when they act in their own interests. Wiser is a simple extension of BGP, uses only existing peering contracts for monetary exchange, and can be incrementally...
- Tags: Internet Service Provider, Internet Service Providers (ISPs), BGP, Internet, Networking
- White papers 2007-02-22
- Why Doesn't PIM Sparse Mode Work With a Static Route to an HSRP Address?
- Protocol-Independent Multicast PIM is a family of multicast routing protocols that can provide one-to-many and many-to-many distribution of data over the Internet. The "Protocol-independent" part refers to the fact that PIM does not include its own topology discovery mechanism, but instead uses routing information supplied by other traditional routing protocols...
- Tags: Routing Protocol, Cisco Systems Inc., BGP, Networking
- White papers 2007-02-20
- BGP: Yet another Internet time bomb
- BGP is the core routing protocol of the Internet and yet it appears that BGP's trusting nature allows attackers to intercept Internet traffic. The problem has been known for a long time so why hasn't it been fixed? Michael Kassner answers that and points out a new twist. by Michael...
- Tags: Neighbor, Internet, Router, Border Gateway Protocol Neighbor Concept, Autonomous System Numbers, BGP, Networking, Michael Kassner
- Blog posts 2008-09-14
- Configuring IP Routing Protocols
- This chapter describes how to configure the various Internet Protocol IP routing protocols. With any of the IP routing protocols, you must create the routing process, associate networks with the routing process, and customize the routing protocol for your particular network. The article covers sections, which describe the configuration tasks...
- Tags: IP, Routing Protocol
- White papers 2000-04-17
- Policy-Based BGP Control Architecture for Autonomous Routing Management
- Unexpected temporal and spatial changes of inter-AS routing behavior often lead to the necessity of on-demand inter-domain routing-adjustment. For resolving this problem, it applies the AISLE framework, which is a multi-agent-based model, to a policy-based routing-adjustment system for transit ISPs and their customer ASs. This paper describes the BGP-control architecture...
- Tags: Router, Network, Association For Computing Machinery, BGP, Networking, Routers & Switches, Internet Service Providers (ISPs), Internet
- White papers 2006-09-15
- Characterizing the Internet Hierarchy From Multiple Vantage Points
- The delivery of IP traffic through the Internet depends on the complex interactions between thousands of Autonomous Systems ASes that exchange routing information using the Border Gateway Protocol BGP. This paper investigates the topological structure of the Internet in terms of customer-provider and peer-peer relationships between ASes, as manifested in...
- Tags: University Of California, Internet, BGP, Networking
- White papers 2008-01-01
- Technical White Paper for Sinkhole Routing
- The Sinkhole routing is a security technology based on the BGP. When a network is attacked, one can use the enhanced BGP to trigger the black hole routing technology to lead the attack traffic to the sinkhole router on a corresponding ISP edge router so that one can record, analyze,...
- Tags: Router, Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd., BGP, Routers & Switches, Internet Service Providers (ISPs), Networking, Internet
- White papers 2007-01-17
- Learn more about what you can do with the Cisco IOS router command
- If you have configured dynamic routing on a Cisco router you have used the router command, but perhaps you haven't really looked at all the options that it offers. In this article, learn about the Cisco IOS router command, what it is, and how it can help you. Static...
- Tags: Cisco IOS, Router, Open Shortest Path First, Routing Protocol, Cisco Systems Inc., Routers & Switches, Network Technology, Networking, David Davis
- Blog posts 2008-05-01
- BGP Nonstop Forwarding (NSF) Awareness
- Nonstop Forwarding NSF awareness allows a router to assist NSF-capable neighbors to continue forwarding packets during a Stateful Switchover SSO operation. The BGP Nonstop Forwarding Awareness feature allows an NSF-aware router that is running BGP to forward packets along routes that are already known for a router that is performing...
- Tags: National Science Foundation, Router, BGP Nonstop Forwarding Awareness Feature, BGP, Routers & Switches, Network Technology, Networking
- White papers 2007-11-18
- Technical White Paper for QPPB Solution
- This paper specifies how to deploy the QoS Quality of Service through the BGP routing policy, that is QoS Policy Propagation Through the Border Gateway Protocol QPPB. Routes are classified through BGP-based attributes, like community list, AS paths list, ACL, and prefix list. Different QoS policies are applied to different...
- Tags: QoS, Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd., Routes, BGP, Networking
- White papers 2007-11-23
- Five things you should know about Cisco IOS BGP configuration
- The Border Gateway Protocol BGP is the routing protocol of the Internet. However, routers usually only use BGP when there are multiple connections to the Internet.But if you did have a BGP router configuration, would you know what to look for? Let's look at a sample configuration and discuss what...
- Tags: System Administration, router configuration, General
- Blog posts 2007-07-12
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